Chapter 5 - Decisions

The if statement has two parts:
  1. a condition
  2. a body

If the condition is true the statement in the body is executed.

Syntax 5.1 - The if Statement
-----------------------------

if (condition)
   statement;  // statement is executed if condition is true

if (condition)
   statement1;  // statement1 is executed if condition is true
else
   statement2;  // statement2 is executed if condition is false

if (condition)
   statement1;  // statement1 is executed if condition is true
else if (condition2)
   statement2;  // statement2 is executed if condition2 is true
else if (condition3)
   statement3;  // statement3 is executed if condition3 is true
else
   statement4;  // statement4 is executed if none of the above conditions are true

Purpose: To execute a statement when a condition is true or false


Syntax 5.1 - Block Statement
----------------------------

{
   statement1;
   statement2;
   . . .
}

Purpose: To group several statements together to form a single statement